
Synthetic labs
Currently, the chemistry group in the RRI has 8 radiolabelling laboratories with the experience and facilities to radiolabel with several isotopes including I123, I125, F18, Tc99m, Lu177, Cu64.
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There are several labs that are dedicated to radiolabelling, each equipped with HPLCs and shielding for the appropriate isotopes. There are 4 hot cells equipped with robotic arms for large scale synthesis. We are able to radiolabel small novel synthetic molecules, peptides and proteins for biological evaluation by the biology group. There are also facilities such as a freeze dryer and a -80oC freezer to handle proteins.
Generally, many pharmaceuticals are not designed as radiopharmaceuticals. At ANSTO RRI, the synthetic chemists have the challenging task of devising ways to make suitable molecules to incorporate a radionuclide to the pharmaceutical without significantly altering the properties of the pharmaceutical.
The development of synthetic molecules are supported by a LCMS. The LCMS is fully automated for high through put and has high sensitivity that metabolite studies are possible on it. The instrument is a Waters/Micromass ZQ with multi-mode ionisation (ESCI) and attached PDA. It is capable of flow rates of up to 40 ml/minute, with automatic mass-based peak collection and fraction auto re-injection.
To reduce dose to the scientists, many large scale radiosyntheses are performed in a remotely controlled or automated specially designed box.
All our radiolabelled products, both for clinical work and our own animal studies, are analysed for radiopurity before it can be released.
The development of synthetic molecules are supported by our Burker Advance, 400MHz NMR. This vital piece of equipment is used to determine the precise chemical structures of all compounds synthesised by RRI. It is also used by several other groups within ANSTO for a range of applications. It is a Fourier Transform machine, capable of analysing a wide range of nulcei, including 1H, 13C, 19F, and 31P, using a QNP probe. The powerful magnetic field required to do this, is generated by a superconducting solenoid immersed in liquid helium.
Many of the synthetic molecules require rigorous purification before it is suitable for radiolabelling and appropriate for testing in in vitro and in vivo studies. This is supported by many preparative HPLCS. These HPLCS also speed up the purification of challenging synthetic precursors.